Related Articles

Nerve ultrasound for the diagnosis and follow-up of peripheral neuropathies

Cross-sectional area, echogenicity, morphology of the individual nerve fascicles, thickness of the epineurium, vascularization and mobility of the nerve are the main parameters evaluated with nerve ultrasound in polyneuropathies. Patients with typical chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy show multifocal nerve enlargements easily visible on the upper extremities and the brachial plexus, whereas its variants show focal nerve enlargements

October 2023

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Focused Neuromuscular Ultrasound Approach for the Diagnosis of Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy

Previous ultrasonographic studies of individuals with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) have shown nerve enlargement at several sites. This prospective study compares only the bilateral median and ulnar nerves of individuals with CIDP with reference values to determine the clinical usefulness of this focused approach as a diagnostic tool.

May 2023

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A Retrospective Study of Ultrasound Accuracy for the Diagnosis of Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy

Ultrasound is emerging as a useful tool for the evaluation of immune-mediated neuropathies because it can provide high-resolution anatomic information to complement electrodiagnostic data. Nerve enlargements are commonly found in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP), and their presence likely useful in diagnosis, particularly if multifocal.

May 2022

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Tendon-Sparing Extraocular Muscle Enlargement Associated With Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyradiculoneuropathy

Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) is an inflammatory, sensorimotor polyneuropathy. It has presented with a variety of orbital and neuro-ophthalmic manifestations, including cranial nerve hypertrophy and a single case of extraocular muscle enlargement. The authors present a second case of tendon-sparing, extraocular muscle enlargement, resulting in new-onset diplopia and strabismus in a teenager with CIDP.

March/April 2024

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What Is in the Literature

What is in the Literature focuses on chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP), a neuropathy with challenges in diagnosis and treatment. A recent revision of diagnostic criteria (EFN/PNS criteria) has helped define clinical features of typical and atypical variants and what is not considered CIDP. Initiating pathologic factors is not known for typical CIDP or variants.

December 2022

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Atypical chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy: recent advances on classification, diagnosis, and pathogenesis

Although the validity of the 2021 EFNS/PNS diagnostic criteria for atypical CIDP is unknown, they will hopefully lead to greater uniformity in the selection of patients to be enrolled in future studies and to a greater diagnostic accuracy. New data are emerging on the possible pathological mechanisms of individual variants and this could result in the discovery of specific diagnostic biomarkers and new therapies.

October 2021

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New-onset chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy after COVID-19 infection: a case report

SARS-CoV-2 infection, besides respiratory symptoms, as cardinal manifestation, may present with neurological involvement. Immune-mediated polyradiculoneuropathy is one of the important neurological complications manifested by COVID-19 mainly includes Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS), treatment-related fluctuation of GBS, and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP).

October 2023

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What is CIDP?

Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) can be thought of as the chronic form of AIDP. It is primarily distinguished both by its time course—by definition, symptoms must persist for at least 8­weeks—and its responsiveness to corticosteroid treatment (AIDP, you may recall, is not steroid responsive). It tends to be monophasic, with a relatively gradual onset and even more gradual recovery, but some patients can present with a relapsing and remitting course. Otherwise, CIDP closely resembles AIDP, with predominantly distal, symmetric, ascending motor weakness and decreased or absent reflexes. Albuminocytologic dissociation in the CSF is a hallmark finding, as with AIDP. IVIG, PLEX, or pulse high- dose corticosteroids are first- line treatment.

There are several CIDP variants, including sensory- predominant and pure motor forms, that can be harder to recognize and diagnose. CSF analysis and electrophysiologic testing are helpful.